What is a Hernia?

A hernia is a common medical condition that occurs when an organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscles or connective tissue. While hernias can affect people of all ages, understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help you take timely action. At Nightingale Hospital, we’re committed to providing compassionate care and advanced treatment for hernia patients.

A hernia typically develops in the abdominal area but can also occur in other parts of the body. The most common types include:

• Inguinal Hernia: Occurs in the groin area, more common in men.
• Femoral Hernia: Found in the upper thigh, more common in women.
• Umbilical Hernia: Happens near the belly button, often in infants or overweight adults.
• Hiatal Hernia: Involves the stomach pushing up into the chest through the diaphragm.
• Incisional Hernia: Occurs at the site of a previous surgical incision.

Causes of Hernia

Hernias are caused by a combination of muscle weakness and strain. Common factors include:

• Congenital Weakness: Weak muscles present at birth.
• Heavy Lifting: Frequent strain from lifting weights improperly.
• Chronic Coughing or Sneezing: Conditions like COPD can exert pressure on the abdominal area.
• Obesity: Excess weight increases strain on the abdominal wall.
• Pregnancy: Can weaken muscles and increase abdominal pressure.
• Constipation: Straining during bowel movements can contribute to hernia formation.

Symptoms of Hernia

Hernias don’t always cause symptoms, but when they do, you might experience:

• Visible Bulge: A noticeable lump in the affected area, which may disappear when lying down.
• Pain or Discomfort: Especially during coughing, bending, or lifting.
• Heaviness or Weakness: A dragging sensation in the abdomen or groin.
• Digestive Issues: For hiatal hernias, symptoms may include heartburn, acid reflux, or difficulty swallowing.

If left untreated, a hernia can lead to complications, such as strangulation, where the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off—a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.

Diagnosis of Hernia

Hernias don’t always cause symptoms, but when they do, you might experience:

At Nightingale Hospital, our specialists perform a thorough physical examination and may recommend additional tests like:

• Ultrasound
• CT Scan
• MRI

These tests help determine the size and severity of the hernia, ensuring an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Hernia

Treatment depends on the type, size, and severity of the hernia.

1 . Lifestyle Modifications

For small, asymptomatic hernias, your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes like:

• Avoiding heavy lifting
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Managing chronic cough or constipation

2 . Medications

Hiatal hernias often benefit from antacids or proton pump inhibitors to reduce acid reflux.

Surgery

Surgery is the most effective treatment for hernias. Options include:

• Open Surgery: The surgeon makes a single large incision to repair the hernia.
• Laparoscopic Surgery: A minimally invasive procedure involving smaller incisions, quicker recovery, and less post-operative pain.
• Robotic-Assisted Surgery: The latest innovation offering high precision.

Post-Surgery Care

Recovery from hernia surgery involves:

• Avoiding strenuous activities for a few weeks.
• Following a balanced diet to avoid constipation.
• Attending follow-up visits to ensure proper healing.

At Nightingale Hospital, our dedicated team ensures a smooth recovery with personalized post-operative care plans.

When to Seek Medical Help

If you experience severe pain, nausea, vomiting, or a hernia bulge that becomes hard and doesn’t go back in, seek immediate medical attention.